KOKBOROK SCRIPT TWIWI JWNGJAL || KOKBWKHAL|| BIKASH DEBBARMA

Wrtten in 2021 By Bikash Debbarma

Khukmoson:

    Salgwraka (North-East) Indiani bisingo  kaisa bwsate haste wngkha Tripura haste. O haste o kwcham jorani simi tongwi phainai lukurog Tiprsa hinwi sinijago. Tiprasa kokthai phaikha ‘Tripura’ kokthaini. ‘Twi tei Pra’ o kainwi kokthai thansa wngwino Tripua kokthai achaikha hinwi sajago. Abono rwgwi naikhe nugo ‘Tiprasa’ kokthaio kokthai kaitham tongmani nukjago. ‘Twi, Pra, sa’ o thaitham kokthaini kokmang  wngkha Tripura hani bwsa.Tiprasarog Mongolian bosongni phaio hinwi sajago. Tiprasarogni mani kok wngkha kokborok. ‘Kokborok’kokthaio thainwi kokthai tongo –’Kok’ tei ‘borok’. Aboni kokmang wngkha borokdophani kok eba Tiprasarogni kok.Tripura hasteo borok bangmarino rwgwi Kokborok sanai lukurogni eba borok dophani kok achukthaio wanjwirogni kokni ulo ulnwio kwlaio. Kokborok kokphaikha Tibeto-Burman bosongni Bodo Garo bodolni. Bodo, Garo, tei Dimasa kokrogbai kokni gothoklaimung tongo.

Sino-Tibetan kokbosongni kaisa kotorma bedek wngkha Tibeto-Burman. Kwbangma kokelem kwrwngrog Tibeto-Burman ni kokrogno khagwi phunukha. Phiyaba soi soi omono hinwi khakjak kwrwi. Kaisa bai kaisani bisingo kisa-misa pherlaimung nukjago. Elemkwrwngrogni kokno  rwgwi saui mano kokborok Tibeto-Burman kokbosongni phaio hinwi Sir George Abhraham Grierson ni “ Linguistic Survey of India” Vol-iii, pt. ii (1903)  bijapno rwgwi kokborkni achukthai wngkha Tibeto-Burman bedekni Assam-Burmese groupni Bodo-Naga sectionni Bodo sub- section o khobjago.

Kokborok kokno bo kokdekni bahaikhe phaikha hinwi kwbangma kokelem kwrwngrog borogni swimungni bisingtwi swilangbaikha. Amorogni bisingo Dr. Satyendra Narayan Goswami-ni chart (Mungrem) khwlaiwi khamao swiwi phunukjakha. 

Koborok koksanai borok bosongni khorok bangmari:

     Kokborok sanai lukurog kwbangkuk Tripura haste o tongo.Tripura hasteno karwi tongo Assam, Mizoram tai Meghalaya haste. Tai abono karwi Bharat hakotorni ari laiwi Bangladesh o bo kokborok sanai lukurog kwbang tongo. Bangladeshni khagrachori Rangamati tai Chittagong hill tract o kokborok sanairo tongo hinwi saui mano.

 2011 bisini borok lekhamungno rwgwi Tripura hasteo Kokborok sanai lukurog bangmani wngkha . Kalai tai Rupini dophano khobyaui jotoi khorok 880567. Borok lekhamungno rwgwi Tripura hasteo 1981 bisini simi 2011 bisi jora Kokborok sanairogni bangmarino khamao phukjakha.

Kokborok koksanai borok bosongi lekhamung 1981-2011 bisi jora. Kokborok kok wngkha Tipra dophani amani kok. Kokborok kok 19th January 1979 A.D bisio Tripura Haste haphangni kok hinwi goswi naharjakkha. Aboniu yagulo 20th April 1999 A.D bisio bo TTAADC ni Official Language eba habanokni kok hinwi gosiwi naharjakkha. Kokborok kok bai kok sanai lukurog Tripura hasteo karwibo North-Eastern Indiani Assam, Mizoram haste nokari Bangladesh, Nepal, Myanmar hai hakotorbo tongbaio. Borok bangmani 1.5 Millionswk wngano.

“All India Educational Survey” ni raidatwi Bharotni 47 Language Code gwnang kokni bisingo 17Nos Language Code o chitokjak kok wngkha Kokborok. Koksilam kwrwng Sir George Abraham Grierson bai swijak “Linguistic Survey of India” bijabo khursai sajak kokthum rwgwi Bharat hakotoro kai 179 Languageni bisingo juda juda kai 544 dialects eba kokbosong tongo. O kai 179 Languageni bisingo 116 Language wngkha ‘Sino- Tibetan’ hayung kok nukhungni kok. A kok bai koksanai lukrog North-Eastern Indiani hasteono kwbangkuk tongo eba tongo hinwi mano. 

Kokborok Script Issue and Spelling Methods:

Dangaima- Dangaipha jorani simino khuk bai khuk kwrwnglaiwi kok salaiwi phaio.phiya o kokni mungsa swijak ‘swithai’ gron eba script kwrwi. Swkang jora o Kokborok kokni script ‘koloma’ tongo hinwi salaimani khwnao phiya abo tabuksak jora kebo phunugwi manya kho. Kokborok kokno puila kokwanjwi aikhor baino swimani hinwi abono chonglaikha. Chwng amono “Surja puja khonaimani” 6th century , Chibrwi mwtaini komthai swijak tai omono karwibo 1703 A.D Bubagra Mahendra Manikyani langmano rwgwi Durga Prasad Narayan bai swijak rog nugwi mano. Aphuruni simino kokborokno Bengali script bai swinani chonglaikha hinwi sajago. Kwbangkuk dophani borokrogni no sakbaithangni aikhor eba script kwrwi buini scriptno solok naharwino swilaiwi tongmani nukjago. Chini Kokborok kok o bo puila Bengali script bai swilaimani phiya 1967 bisio T.U.J.S rog puila Kokborokno Roman script bai swinani bagwi kok tisabaikha. Aboni yagulo 1976 bisio Mwchang Ramesh Debbarma, Rev Jong Bahadur Debbarma,Mg Sharhaka Debbarma akorogni chaitokmung bai ‘Swmai kwtalmungwi New Testament Roman script bai puila kokborok kok bai kok swlaiwi Bible karijakkha.

 Kokborok script issue no twiwi political eba thwngrwng issue khwlaibo thwngjagwi tongo. Tamoni hwnkhe kokborok kokno 19th January 1979 A.D bisio “The Tripura official Language Amendment Bill ni bisingtwi Tripura haste haphangni kok hinwi gosi naharphano bo script bai swinai tai bo script bai swina nangya abono mungsa khursajak kwrwi. Haini bagwi bisi kisa swkang Tripura ‘Kshatriya somaj’ni bwkhaktwi Kokborok kokno’ Devnagari’ script bai swinani hinwi chirikmorok khe salainani chwng nugwi mano.Tangwi hwnmale tabukswk jora chini amani kok kokborok kokni soi chongjak gosijak script kwrwini bagwi. Aboni bagwino swikwrwngrogni bisingo tai abono karwi thwngrwng (Political) ni bisingo script no twiwi kok banglaimani nukjagwi tongo. Kebo bahino Bengali script kebo ba hino Roman script tai kebob a hino Devnagri hinwi sanlaimani.

 Kokborok kokno Bengali Script ba swina thangthani bo aikhor no bahaikhe thepajak abono saimanna nango tai abono saimanna swkang Kokborok tamo abono bo ssinani nango.Kokborok wngkha Tonal Language eba khorang rwkjak kok. O kokni khorang swlaikhe kokmang bo swlai jagwi thango.Tamoni hwnkhe Kokborok kokni baithangni script kwrwi ni bagwi buini aikhor bai swithani high tone tai low tone phunuknani kisa bejua wngo. 

 Bengali script bai swithani o swinairog high tone tai low tone o “ং , ৎ, য়, ই”swiwi phunugwi eba phunlai tongo. Phiya abo chasukya ,tamoni bagwi hwnkhe Cosonant eba khwthathai khorong kariui manya Vowel eba swithai simi khorang kariwi mano. Roman script bai swinai eba kokrwbam swinai Mwchang Binoy Debbarma kokborokno Roman script bai swithani high tone o ‘h’ riui swiwi phunukha. Bahaikhe hwnmale ‘horh’ phiya abobo chaya .Kokelem eba Linguistic ni raida rwgwi naikhe saimano Kokborok kogo ‘h’ high tone kwlaiya abo “Glotal sound” o se khobajago. sanani thangkhe tabuk kwtal jorani Bible swinairog high tone phunukna thangthani ‘Diacritical marker’ thepaui swilai tongo.

 Tabuk nailaiyanw laithangjak salrogo kokborok scriptno twiwi samung khwlaijakma swijakma khaijakma Committe, Commision akorog kokborok scriptno twiwi kok kasamarogno. Laithangjak jorani swinairogni kokno khursana thangkhe sathai kwlaio chini amani kok kokborokno twiwi puila swinai wngkha wansuk kwrwng Doulat Ahammed . Bo khoroksa thuruk bosongni boroko. Swikwrwng Doulat Ahammed thuruk bosongni borok wngphano chini borok dophani bagwi puila 1307 T.E eba 1897 A.D bisio Bengali script bai ‘Kokborma’ mungwi kokborok kokma bijap swio.Kokborok kokrwbaini laibumao kokma bijap no puila kokborok bijap hinwi sinijago. Bo bini a bijabo Roman aikhorni tongdal no rwgwi Bengali aikhorno kokborokni bagwi swnamkha tai Roman aikhor A, B, C, D, E, F,G, H akorogno rwgwi  “এ, বা, চি, দি, ই ফি, গ হা”Hinwi swiwi phunukha .Aboni yagulo 1900 A.D bisio haino hai Bengali script bai Thakur Radhamohan Debbarma bai swijak kokborokma mungwi tai kaisa kokborokni kokma bijap ongkhorphikha eba swijak phikha. Chwng oro nugwi mano o khoroknwi swikwrwngrog swimani bijap kangnwi no Bengali script bai swijak. O kangnwi bijap swijakmani bisino rwgwi naikhe Bengali script bai swijakmani no kokborok bisi bebagwi sara nwichisa eba 121 year.

 Swikwrwng Sudhanwa Debbarmani komthingmung bai 1954 A.D bisio ’kwtal kothoma’ mungwi puila kokborok kokrwbai bwlai karijago. Shyamlal Debbarmani kokthingmungbai 1969A.D bisio 1st January o ‘Ani Tripura’ mungwi kangsa kokrwbai bwlai karijakha. O kokrwbai bwlairog Bengali script bai swijak. Aboni ulo 1974 -75 A.D bisio kokborok Community Welfare Societyni bwkhaktwi Christian tongkwtharno rwgwi ‘Langmani Pohor’ mungwi Roman script bai puila kokborok kokrwbai bwlai karijakma mokol kwlaijakha.

 1972 A.D bisio TUJS ni adongrog AIR dagiphang NC Debbarma, Bikram Jamatia, Rajendra Debbarma,Budha Debbarma, Gour mohon Debbarma,Alindralal Tripura akosong kokborokno bo script bai swinai Bengali bai de swinai hinwi script sainani samungo yak rwlaimungno twiwi kaisa kuthumlaimung wngo.Oro swikwrwng Alindralal Tripurani yago kokborokni bagwi script saina bagwi barja yapharjakkha. Omoni yagulo o bisiono swikwrwng Alindralal Tripura kangchichar (18) bwlaio swijak Roman script bai kokborok swinani Bengali scriptni swlaibo kaham wngnai hinwi Roman script ni phasing naharna bagwi “Kokborok Lipi Samasya Mat o Path” mungwi bijap kansa swiwi kaarikha. Kokborok swithani “W” sarithai thaisa nango. Omo bahaike swina nang omono twiwi 1972 A.D bisio (Srwnsama) mungwi cherai swrwngma bijap kangsa swilangkha. Ulo Christian Missionaryrog o bijapni Roman script ni raida rwgwi Mwchang Ramesh Debbarma, Rev Jongbahdur Debbarma, Shashanka Debbarma akosong ‘Swmai kwtal’ mwngwi New Testament Kokborok bai Bible kokswlaiwi tikhlaikha. Oro kaisa kok khursathai kwlaio swikwrwng Dananjoy Tripura thangnai 2017A.D bisini 11th june salmario Rev Jongbahadur bai sakbaithang malaiwi kok salaima bisingtwi taibo saimankha. 1964-65 A.D bisio Shashanka Debbarma, Harinath Debbarma tei Chandradhan Debbarma borog khoroktham kokborok kokbai puila Gospel voice recording khwlaio. Aboni ulose, Christian tongkwtharni kwbangma bijap kokborok kokbai kokswlaijakna samung chensajago tei o kok swlaijakma bijaprog bebakno Roman script bai swijakkha.

Sanathangkhe 1972 A.D bisiono kokborokno swinani tei scriptno twiwi kokchapma , Script jwngjalni yokna bagwi kisaswk bosong eba bodol bwskango yapri sema nukjakkha. Agartala ‘Tripura Baptist Christian union, Mysoreni Central Institute of Indian Language (CIIL), Calcuttani Suhash chatarjee bosong akorog. Borog jotono jono kangsa khe kokborokno twiwi bijap swiwi karilaikha. Agaartala Tripura Baptist Union “Swmai kwtal” mungwi Roman script bai kokborok bai Bible swiwi karilaikkha.Kokborok bai Bible kokswlainairogni bisingo Ramesh Debbarma, Rev Jongbahadur Debbarma, Shasanka Debbarma akosong, Mysore ni Central institute opf Indian Language ni bwkhaktwi Puspakarpurkar Roman script bai “Tripura Phonetic Reader” mungwi kokborok kokno rwgwi kaisa bijap swikha. Calcutta Universityni Professor Bengali script bai “kogborok Bhashar Likhito Ruper Uttoron” mungwi kokborok koknarwgwi kaisa bijap karikha. Aboni swkango 1967 A.D bisio Tripura haphangni rwngbedekni chubamungbai swikwrwng Ajit bandu Debbarma Roman script bai kokrobam (English Tripuri Dictionary) mungwi kaisa kokborok kokrwbam bijap swijakkha.

 1986A.D bisio“Chethuang korwbai bosong”songsajakma yagulo October talni simi swikwrwng Bikashroy Debbarma bai komthingjagwi haini hai Roman script bai ‘Chethuang’ kokrwbai bwlai karijakkha. Tripura Baptist Christian Unionni bwkhaktwi ‘subraini khorang’ (1990-92), Vincent Debbarma,Amulya Jamatia tei Upendra Debbarmasongni komthingmungbai ‘Kaitor sipairog’ (june1995) mungwi Roman script bai kokborok kokrwbai bwlai karijakha. Kwchar jorao Lama (1978),Bubar(1978), Choba(1979), Dongur(1978), Khumtoya (1981), Jora(1983-84), Goriya (1983), Aitorma (1983), Bru (1983), Hachukni khorang (1984), Aidrop (1985-86),Dangdu(1985) taibo kwbangma kokrwbai bwlai Bengali script bai swijagwi karijakkha. Aboni yagulo 20th century phaisingo phaiwi kokborok kokrwbai bwlai karijakmani bisingo kwbangkuk kokrwbai bwlaino Roman script bai swijak. Sikli khorang (2010), Chini khorang (2010), Jorani khorang (2012), Aitorma (2013), Ani Tipraland (2013),Yapri(2015), kokborkni yakhilik (2016), Pantwi (2016), Twimuk(2017), Hatal (2018), Dolai (2018), Mamita (2018), kokbokhiri (2019), Maitang (2019), akorog.

Sakani kokrwbai bwlairogno karwibo ‘ Jora twitun Publication Society under SNBA’ motha bai naikoljagwi tei Evan. Bishu kumar Debbarma bai komthingjagwi Jora (1996), Sukumar Debbarma bai komthingjagwi Chati (1997), Prasanta Debbarma baikomthingjagwi Tripurani jora (2000), Rev. Lalenglian Meska bai komthingjagwi BBC khorang(2011), Sunil Debbarmani kokthingmung bai Naikol kokpin(2005), Gairing kokrwbai mothani phaisingtwii Dharinjoy Tripura bai komthingjagwi Gairing koktun (2014), Sikla Chalai Associationni phaisingtwi Bijoy Debbarmani komthingmungbai Kwthang Laibuma (2017) omohai kwbangma Kokborok koktwma bwlairogbo Roman Script bai karijakkha. Aboni swkangbo Bijoy kumar Hrangkhwal bai komthingjak karam, Tripura Star, Debabrata kalai bai komthingjak Horjwlai koktwma bwlairogbo Roman Script bai Kokborok swijagwi phaikha hinwi kokthum swijak mano.  

Kokborok hamkwraini bagwi samung bwtang tangmarog: 

Kokborokni scriptno twiwi kokbanglaiwi tongma jorao scriptni jwngjal yakakna tei kokbanlaimano mwthaknabagwi Tripura haste haphang kokborokno boscript bai swikhe kaham wngno omono amjokna bagwi Directorate of School Educational Tribal Language Cell buprani simi 1st June 1990A.D bisio No.f.19(9-15)-DSE/90/946/76 omoni bisingtwi swikwrwng Shyamacharan Tripurano Chairman eba achukphang swnamwi ‘Script selection Committe on kokborok Sripts and its Development’. Omoni report tei recommendation swnamwi pairwo tei yapharjago. Kokborok scriptno twiwi report omohaikhe sajakha.

“Roman Script (commonly known as a English Script) should be adopted for the Kokborok”

O committee report rwgwino TTAADC haphangbo Roman Script bai kokborok swinani bagwi 9th March 1992 A.D bisio ‘Primary Schools (Language) Regulation,1992’ mungwi kaisa bill council o pass khwlaio. Aphuru TTAADC-ni samungchariphang Adong okra wngkha Harinath Debbarma tei Rwngbedekni samungchariphang adong okra wngkha Amiya kumar Debbarma.

1995 A.D bisio TTAADC o yaksi bodol haphang achukma yagulo 6th October 1997 A.D bisio haino hai Bengali script bai kokborok swina bagwi sakhwlaiphiro. Aphuru TTAADC nisamungchariphang adong okra wngkha Dr. Ranjit Debbarmatei rwngbedekni samungchariphang adong okra wngkha Radhacharan Debbarma. O bill Tripura Gezetto sapokjakha, Agartala Mondday,9th October 1997 A.D Asvina 14,1919 SF. O billnoi mung narwkjakha ‘Primary Schools (Language) Regulations,1992’ tei omono 9th March 1992 A.D bisio oBill council o pass wngkha. 

Oro kaisa wanamasingsa nukjakma tongo, sanathangkhe omo Roman script bai kokborok swithanio kerongni bisingtwi phankhe kasuma kaisa lama abo wngkha tomung o billni mung ‘Primary Schools (Language) Regulation, 1992 tei omo 9th March 1992 A.D bisio council o pass wngwi tongkhe bahaikhe Bengali Script Kokborokni Script wngkhaba tei Radhacharan Debbarma bahaike TTAADC ni rwngbedekni samungcharinaiphan adong wngkha . 1992 A.D bisio Amiya kumar Debbarmase TTAADC-ni rwngbedekni samungchariphang adong okra tongmanible. Tumung 1992 A.D bisio Amend khaijagwi tongkheba amend khaima salmari tei bisikhong rwnanangmaninoble. Phiyaba o Billni 4No Paragraph o Roman Script tongmano Bengali script bai maswlainai hwniw simise swlaiw rwma nukjago.

Aboni yagulo 2000 A.D bisio haino hai IPFT bodol TTAADC haphango achukma yagulo Debabrata Kalai TTAADC ni samungchariphang adong okra tei Sridam Debbarma Rwngbedekni samungchariphang adong tongma jorao 7th August 2000 A.D bisio council o billno 4No Paragraph no taisa amend khwlaiwi teisa Roman Scriptse kokborokni Script wngna nango, oro Bengali Script wngwi manya, phiyaba tabukkhe TTAADC haphang phan khwlairwi Kokborok no Bengali Script bai swirwo,swrwngrwo.

Kokborok ni script no twiwi kwbangma kokbanglaimung nukjago. Omotwi haikheno khoroksa Hirendra Tripura mungwi kerongkwrwng omohai jwngjalni kubui kokno saimanna bagwi thangnai 7th July 2018 A.D 

Bisio Directorate of Kokborok & Other Minority Language habanogo kaisa RTI file khwlaikha. 30th July 2018 A.D bisio habanokni No.F.1 (21)-KBK-OML/2015 (L-1) /1479-80, Dated, Agartala, the 30/07/2018 bisingtwi RTI ni bisingtwi swngmungro wngkha-

1. Is there any provision of restriction for drafting kokkborok script? If yes kindly provide proper informantion. If no, then why the Books released are not written with Roman script.

2. Written stories, books or any kinds of documentary drafted released from this Department, is it mandatory to draft with Bengali script? If yes, kindly provide the accurate informantion alone with Notification/ memorandum/ Minutes all any related provision.

3. In writing kokborok with Roman Script, is there any restricted provision? If yes, kindly provide information. If no, then why tehes are released are not written with Roman Scripts?

Sakani swngmungrogno sajakha, kokborok swithnio Roman Script bai ma swiya, Bengali script baise maswinai hinwi Tripura hasteni thanio mungsaswk raida khajak eba swngmung de tong. Tumung omotwi hai raida khajak eba swnamjak tongkhe kokthum phunugwi ridi.

Mwchang Hirendra Tripurani swnmugno Directorate of Kokborok & Other Minority of Languageni habanokni simi RTI no kokphirokmung wngkha-

1. No such type of information is not available with this Directorate.

2. No such type of information is not available with this Directorate.

3. No such type of information is not available with this Directorate.

Kokborok manuscript written in Roman scripts from any writer is yet not received by the Directorate. Therefore no kokborok book with Roman script is yet released from the Directorate.

Kokborok sanai Suren Tripura mungwi tai khoroks thangnai 14th November 2018 A.D bisio ‘Directorate Of Tribal Research & Cultural Institute’ habanogo kokborokni script no twiwi kaisa RTI file khwlaikha. Bo oro o habanogkni simi karijakmani ‘SAIMA’, ‘Goriya’ kokrwbai bwlaio swithanio Bengali script bai ma swinai ,Roman script bai ma swiya . Omono twiwi bo kok khursai swngma nukjakha. Bo aro swngkha-

1. Is there restriction of script regarding writing of Rhymes, poems,stories & any research, documentary article in kokborok Language? If yes ,kindly provide the Govt. Approved minutes/notification/ memorandum from your institution.

2. It is mandatory to write kokborok language with Bengali script? If yes, kindly provide the Govt. Approved minutes/ notification/ Memorendum from your institution. If no,then why any literary, research documentary articles, rhymes, poem, stories, any literary books, magazines (saima,Goriya etc) aree not publish with kokborok Language in Roman scripts? Kindly provide accurate reasons.

‘Saima’ kokrwbai bwlai swkangni simi 2018 A.D bisi jora Bengali script baino sapojagwi karijagwi phaio. Roman script bai swinani sep rijakya. 2019 A.D bisini simise ‘Saima’ kokrwbai bwlaino Roman script bai swina kisamisa sep rijago. Phiyaba 21st December 2018 A.D bisio’ Directorate of Tribal Research & Cultural institute’ habanokni No.f.10(14)-TRI/GL/RTI/2016/B/(C)/2414-15, dated,Agartala,the 21/12/2018 (case No GL/002/2018)bisingtwi RTI-ni swngmungni kok phirokmaro wngkha o habanokni simi karijakma ‘Saima’ ,Goriya’ kokrwbai bwlaio koktang,koklop, kothoma, kokkhaltei kubuni rutukkwrwngno rwgwi swijak swimung sapokthanio Scriptno twiwi mungsa ari khajak raida kwrwi! Abino twiwi habanokni simi RTI-ni kokphirokmung wngkha.

1. There is no restriction of script regarding writing of ryhms,poem,stories &any research, documentary articles in Kokborok Language.

2. No, thus not arise. Tribal Research &Cultural institute,Govt. Of Tripura are publishing kokborok writing in Bengali script.

MLA Mg.Dananjoy Tripura thangnai 6th August2018 A.D bisio IPFT ni joto MLA rogni kok narwkma eba speech, kokswlaijakma samung eba translation works, proceeding, Bulletin swnamjakmao kokborok no Roman Script bai swina bagwi Tripura Legislative ni Secretaryni thanio jotoni wngwi kaisa koktun swikha. Bo koktun swimao omohaikhe swijak tongo-

“I humble like to drow your attention with reference to the Dialogue speech proceeding during the season in the Tripura Legislative Assembly. That, we like to request you yo kidly replied the Dialogue speech proceeding during the seasion with Kokborok Roman scripts in written to all IPFT (MLA) for the convenient and improved inside the Tripura Legislative Assembly”.

Aboni yagulo bo teisa thangnai 24th August 2018 A.D bisio Tripura Legislative Assemblyni secretaryni bisingtwi koktunni kokphirokmung rohorkha. Bo aro sakha Roman Script bai Kokborok swina bagwi Tripura haste haphang bai gosijak mwngsa notification eba Memorendum bwlai karijakma kwrwi. Aboni bagwi Assemblyni Proceeding wnam thanio kokborokno Roman Script bai swijakya. Koktun bwlaio omohai swijak tongo.

“I am directed to inform you that there is no approved Notification or menorendum ofthe Government of Tripura at present to use Roman Scripts of Kokborok Language. For this, proceedings of the session of the assembly cannot be recorded and communicated in Kokborok Roman Script”.

Omoni yagulo haino hai MLA Mwchang Dhananjoy Tripura assembly ni proceeding/ Speech/ Translationni samwngo Kokborok Bengali Script bai maswinai tei Roman Script bai maswiya hwnwi haphang bai sakhlaijak Notification eba Memorendum bwlai tongkhe koktunrwi chubana bagwi thangnai 3rd November 2018 bisio Legislative Assembly Sceretaryni thanio taiwaisa koktun swiphirkha. Bo koktun swimao swijak tongo.

“This is to acknowledge receipt of your communicationdate 24.08.2018 regarding official notification towards the use of Roman scripts of Kokborok Language in Assembly proceeding/Speech/ translation work etc.The approved Notification or Memorendum of the Government of Tripura is respect of used of Bengali scripts and not used of Roman Scripts of kokborok Language in Assembly/ proceeding/speech/ translation works etc. If any may kindly be communicate for guidance and reference to a large extents”.  

O koktun manma yagulo 9th November 2018 bisio Tripura Legislative Asembly ni bwkhaktwi MLA mwchang Dhananjoy Tripurani koktuni kokphirokmung rohor phikha. Bo aro sakha,Roman Script bai kokborok swina bagwi Tripura haste haphang bai gosijak mwngsa phano Notification eba Memorendum bwlai karijakma kwrwi.Aboni bagwi Assemblyni proceedings swnam thanio kokborokno Roman Script bai swijakya. Koktun bwlaio swijak tongo omohai khe-

“I am directed to inform you that there is no approved Notification or Memorendum of the Governmentof Tripura in respect of use of Bengali scripts and not use of Roman Scripts for kokborok Language proceeding / speech/ Translation works etc.In the Tripura Legislative Assembly”.

Tabuk kok wngkha, Tripura haphang chwngno jeswk phan khwlaiwi Bengali script bai Kokborok maswinai, maswrwngnai hinwi swirwphano, swrwngphano omono twiwi kangsa phano Notificatio eba Memorendum bwlai kariwi sakkhwlaijakma kwrwi. Omoni sraisa dak dak kubui phunukma wngkha Secetary bai rohorjak koktun bwlai. Sana thangkjhe, omo chini amani kokno twiwi thwngmwng thwnglaima tei chini amanii kokni hamkwraini lamano kasomase.

Kokborok hamkraini bagwi motha tei Commission achukmarog :

      27th December 1945 A.d bisio Tripura hasteo Tipra dophani hamkwraini samung- humungni salka Sadarni Durga Chowdhury kamini Hemanta Debbarmani nokhwlao khorokchisa sikla adongrogno twiwi ‘ Jonosiksa samiti’ motha songsajakkha.1965-66 A.D jora Bengali Script bai kisa misa Kokborok bijap swijakma mokol kwlaijakha. Aboni yagulo Hasteni Tripura dophani elemkwrwng sikla adongrog Congrss- Cummunist hwnlaiya karwi 1967 A.D bisini 9th-11th June salmario Abhicharanamchaini Kaintakobra kaamio kuthumlaima kaisa pandani bisingtwi (Tripura Upojati Jubo Somiti) eba TUJS mungwi kaisa motha songsalaikha. Aboni bias tongma ulo 24th- 25th October 1968 A.D bisio, Champaknagarni Thailiklwng eba kolabagan amchaio Gurucharan rwngnogo (Tribal Student Fedaration) eba TSF (tabuk Twipra Student Fedaration) mungwi Tripura dophani swrwngwi tongnairogni kaisa motha songchajakha. Songsajakma yagulo o kainwi motha tei kubuni motha (ATTF,NLFT) akorog thansakhe kwthalaiwi Tipra dophani hamkwraini bagwi juda juda tangbwtang teei manthaino twiwi choba khwlaina chengo. Borogni o manthai sokthaini bisingo kaisa wngkha Kokborok swina bagwi Roman Scriptno twiwi choba khwlaima. Aphuru Kokborok swinani kok kasakha tei kok tisajakkha.

      Kokborok hamkwraini bagwi Tipura hasteo ‘Bhasha Commision’ belai nangkugo.Oro laithangjak laibumano naharwi naikhe nukjago Tripura hasteo puila ‘Bhasha Commission’ khajakna kok tisajakkha10th September 1954 A.D bisio. Puila Bhasha Commission’ni achukphang chongjakkha Koksilamkwrwng Kumud kundu Chowdhury. Achukphano karwibo commission tongnai tai khorkba adongrog wngkha- Chandra kanta Murasing, Chittaranjan Jamatia, Nanda kumar Debbarma, Shyamlal Debbarma, Upendra Chandra Debbarma. Puila ‘Bhasha Commission’ khajakma ahaino ereng erengkhe paima bai juda juda motha tei thwngkwrwng bodolrogni yakchoyai samungni bagwi haste haphangni tei waisa ‘Bhasha commission’ khana bagwi yago samung naharphikha.17th June 2004 A.D bisio Rabindra Bharati University ni Ex Vice Chancellor Pabitra Sarkarno achukphang tei Kumud kundu Chowdury , Chandra kanta Murasing,Gityakumar Reang tei Shyamlal Debbarma o khorokbrwino adong swnamwi 2nd time eba philnwi Bhasha Commission khajakha. Puilao Commissionni mung ‘Bhasha Commission’ tongmano mung swlaiwi ‘Upojati’ kokthai thepai ulo ‘Tripura Upojati Bhasha commission’ hwnwi kwtal mung achukrikha.

    15th August 2004 A.D bisio ‘Movement For kokborok’ mungwi songsa motha songsajago. O mothani luajimungbai 19th -21st December 2004 A.D bisio ‘National Seminar on kokborok Script with special reference to its Tonal Reprasentation’ mungwi kaisa koklam panda songsalaio. Oro kokborokni Scriptno twiwi koklam salaikha tei paithago kokborokni bagwi bagwi script saithanio jani jani chajakmatwi Script o chongbari wngkha. Oro kokborokni bagwi Roman Script 88.90%, Bengali Script 4.16%, own Script 2.77% likurog borogni opinion rwlaikha.

       Sakao khursajak joto Scriptni bagwi khajakma Commission, Committee , koklam pandani joto reportrogno rwgwi nainaikhe swrai swraikhe nukjago, tabukni jora lukurogni naimung tei sanmung wngkha Kokborok Roman Script bai swina tei swrwngna. Aboni bagwi Roman Scriptno Kokborokni Script hinwi Tripura haste haphang gosiui nana nago.

Paithak:

Paithago sathai kwlaio Kokborok Scriptno twiwi motha ,Commission khamani tei report phunukjakmani yagulo saimano Tripura haste haphang phan khwlaiwino Kokborokno Bengali Script bai swiriui tongo. Aboni wngmarogno chwng swrai swraikhe nugi mano. Phiya abono twiwi sana thangkhe Bengali Script baino ma swinai Roman Script bai maswiya hwnwi mungsa raida khajak kwrwi tai swnamjak bwlai phunugwi mannai kwrwi. Abo simiya chini Kokborok sanairogni bisingo bo haino script twiwi jwngjal yakni yokna bagwi kwbangma motha khwlaikha tei sonsalaikha phiya ba motha khanairogni bisingo khapimung kwrwi. Tamoni hwnkhe baksa ba hino Bengali Script , baksa ba hino Roman Script tai baksa hino Devnagri , wngkha hinkhe hamkuknai hinwi omono twiwi haikhe kwbangma Scriptno twiwi Seminar, Workshoprog achuklaikha. Phiya ba a samungni bisingtwi twi bo thansa wnglaimung kwrwi .Aboni bagwino tabuksakjora kokborok scriptno twiwi kaisa chapjak thaio sokphailiya hinwi mano. Haiphano College, University rogo Roman script baino swimani tai kwbangkuk borokni naimung no Roman Script.Aboni bagwi sathai kwlaio Roman Scriptno kokborokni Script wngna nango tai thwngkwrwng thwngnairogbo thwnglaiya karwi thansa wngwi samung tangkhese chini naimungno haste haphangbai gosirwi mannai. 

Reference/ Swimuk : ⬇

✔Dev Varma Naresh Chandra.2012. Kokborok kokni sinimung. Krishna nagar, Agartala, Tripura: Jora publication.

✔Dev Varma naresh Chandra. 2014. Kokborok kokrwbai.J.B. road, Agartala,Tripura: Akshar publication.

✔Chaudhury Kumud Kunda. 1999. Kokborok Bhasa o Sahitya, Agartala, Tripura: Akshar publication.

✔Debbarma Budhu, Debbarma Akranta, Debbarma Rakesh, Debbarma Apul, Tripura Janaka. 2020. Twimuk. Agartala, Tripura. Book Fair Issue.